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Ocrevus’s main immune cell target is B-cells, but a small study has shown that it can also lessen pro-inflammatory immune T-cells in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and demyelinating autoimmune disorder. The primary progressive form (PPMS) is characterized by a worsening of neurologic function with a gradual accumulation of disability from the onset of disease. The limited understanding of the pathogenesis of PPMS has hindered the development of reliable and effective treatments. However, there is an approved intravenous therapy, Ocrevus (ocrelizumab), a humanized monoclonal antibody developed by Genentech for treating patients with PPMS.

University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center researchers have started to explore the clonal diversity and the advancement of acute myeloid leukemia.

Clonal diversity is increasingly studied and understood to have central importance as a key characteristic of cancer. Changes in the specific genetic makeup of precancerous and cancer cells change via mutations as tumors progress. A given change or mutation can impart a survival advantage and lead to subsequent cells with this advantage.

Scientists at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital revealed that metabolic signaling mechanisms regulate the function of an eTreg cell.

Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells are critical components of the immune system for the regulation of immune responses and the suppression of other immune cells for the maintenance of self-tolerance and regulation of immunity against pathogens and tumor cells.

A new study out of Tufts University suggests new experimental systems may be useful in studying how HIV integration can affect normal cells' growth properties in vivo.

The persistence of HIV-1 in CD4 T cells during antiretroviral therapy is thought to be associated with T cells that contain a transcriptionally silent form of the virus that is not affected by antiretroviral drugs. Studies have shown that proviral integration in the human genome has led to the development of lymphomas in patients with AIDS. Integrated HIV-1 proviruses may activate cellular gene expression, can replicate with the host cell, and can be transmitted from one cell generation to the next.

The COVID-19 vaccine uses T cells to recognize the virus, and researchers have found that the CD8+ T cells still recognize the different variants of the virus.

In the United States and abroad, there are reports of the emergence of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) in human populations. This phenomenon raises concerns regarding whether there is any protection provided by immunity developed to the first virus.